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Abstract
BACKGROUND
Osteopathy is adivised in the prevention and treatment of sport injuries, and it has recently been included as a medical choice for athlete care in the polyclinics at the olympic villages in London in 2012 and in Rio in 2016, but no study has yet defined its real use to this day
OBJECTIVE
This leterature revision has two main objectives: a) to summarise the studies on the osteopathic practice in a population where sport is practiced, b) to supply the type of osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT) administered for each single clinical condition
METHOD
From December 2017 to February 2018 we searched data banks such as PubMed, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, Clinical Trial.Gov, Trip Data Base, OsteomedDr, Osteopathic Research Web, Journal of the American Osteopathic Association, American Journal of Sports Medicine, BMC Sports Science Medicine and Rehabilitation, British Journal of Sports Medicine, Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine
RESULTS
Overall, 78 abstracts were identified. Of the 26 suited for analysis (5) were randomised controlled trials, (3) cohort studies, (12) case reports, (1) expert opinion, (5) had no stated study design
DISCUSSION
The main result register the OMT or the single osteopathic manipulative tecniques administered in 1441 recreational and professional athletes: golf (1101;[75%]), athletics (126;[9%]), football (116;[8%]), soccer (63;[5%]), baseball (35;[2%]). Osteopathic manipulative techniques improve the gleno-humeral internal rotation, the hamstring extensibility, the outcomes of chronic ankle instability and chronic epicondylitis. The OMT is found in improving athletic performances in football and in endurance running in order to decrease stress-induced fractures, but, in spite of the mounting amount of research, the outcomes are not conclusive yet, due to a lack of studies which are methodologically rigorous and more substantial in size
CONCLUSION
Based on this revision the OMT or the single osteopathic manipulation techniques represent a type of intervention more and more frequently used in treating sport injuries, but further studies are necessary in order to support its clinical efficacy
Keywords: osteopathic manipulation; sports medicine; return tu play; injury
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